Contrapositive, Converse and Inverse
Answers:
1.If it's snowing, then the weather must be cold outside.
weather
w, if it's snowing, then w is cold. |
Formal logical format |
weather
w, if ~(w is cold), then ~(it's snowing). If it isn't cold outside, then it's not snowing. |
Contrapositive |
weather
w, if w is cold, then it's snowing. If it's cold outside, then it must be snowing. |
Converse |
weather
w, if ~(it's snowing), then ~(w is cold). If it isn't snowing, then it must not be cold outside. |
Inverse |
2. If an integer x does not equal 1 or 0, then x2 is greater than x.
x Z, if x 1 or x 0, then x2 > x. | Formal logical format |
x
Z, if ~(x2
> x), then ~(x1
or x0) or... x Z, if x2 < x, then x = 1 or x = 0. If x2 < x for some integer x, then x = 1 or x = 0 |
Contrapositive |
x
Z, if x2
> x, then x1
or x0. If x2 > x for some integer x, then x is not equal to 1 or 0. |
Converse |
x
Z, if ~(x1
or x0),
then ~(x2 > x). If an integer x equals 1 or 0, then x2 is less than or equal to x. |
Inverse |
3. If a student gets caught cheating, he/she will receive a grade of "F".
students s, if s is caught cheating then s will receive a grade of "F". | Formal logical format |
students s,
if ~(s will receive a grade of "F") then ~(s
is caught cheating). or students s, if s does not receive a grade of "F" then s was not caught cheating. If a student did not receive a grade of "F", then he/she was not caught cheating. |
Contrapositive |
students s,
if s receives a grade of "F" then s
was caught cheating. If a student receives a grade of "F", then he/she was caught cheating. |
Converse |
students s,
if ~(s is caught cheating) then ~(s will receive
a grade of "F"). or students s, if s is not caught cheating then s will not receive a grade of "F". If a student is not caught cheating, then he/she will not receive a grade of "F". |
Inverse |